Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Evolution: Evolution is the process by which populations of living organisms change over generations. It is driven by natural selection, which is the process by which organisms with traits that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, this can lead to the emergence of new species. See also Selection, Mutation, Species, Survival, Fitness, Darwinism._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Pyotr Alexeevich Kropotkin on Evolution - Dictionary of Arguments
Brocker I 25 Evolution/KropotkinVsSocial Darwinismus/Kropotkin: With his paper "Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution"(1), Kropotkin turned against social Darwinists, who made the "struggle for existence" not only an outstanding characteristic of the natural life of humans and animals, but also derived an ethical and political requirement from it. >Social Darwinism, >Altruism, >Solidarity. Nevertheless, Kropotkin saw his writing as in harmony with Darwin's teachings. However, Darwin used the term "struggle for existence" in a pictorial and broad sense. >Darwinism. About Darwin Kropotkin says: "He emphasized that in such cases the most suitable are neither the physically strongest nor the cunningest, but those who have learned to unite in such a way that they support each other, whether strong or weak, for the good of the community". (2) Indeed, such statements can be verified in On the Origin of Species and The Descent of Man. 1. Pjotr Alexejewitsch Kropotkin, Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution, London 1902. Dt.: Peter Kropotkin, Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt. Mit einem Nachwort neu herausgegeben von Henning Ritter, Frankfurt/M./Berlin/Wien 1975, p. 29f. 2. Ibid. p. 23_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Kropot I Peter Kropotkin Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt Frankfurt/Berlin/Wien 1975 Brocker I Manfred Brocker Geschichte des politischen Denkens. Das 20. Jahrhundert Frankfurt/M. 2018 |
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Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-27